A root canal is a dental procedure used to treat infection or damage in the pulp (the soft tissue inside the tooth). It is necessary to save a tooth that is severely decayed, infected, or has suffered trauma, preventing the need for extraction.

During a root canal, the dentist or endodontist removes the infected or damaged pulp, cleans and disinfects the inside of the tooth, then fills and seals it to prevent further infection.

Root canals have a reputation for being painful, but modern dentistry uses local anesthesia to numb the area, making the procedure relatively painless. Most patients report feeling relief from the pain caused by the infection or decay afterward.

Extracting a tooth is an option, but it can lead to other dental issues, such as shifting teeth, bone loss, and difficulty chewing. A root canal allows you to preserve your natural tooth, which is generally considered the better long-term option.

Signs include persistent tooth pain, sensitivity to hot or cold, tooth discoloration, swelling or tenderness in the gums, and deep decay or infection visible on X-rays. We can confirm the need for a root canal after an examination.

A root canal typically takes 60 to 90 minutes, though more complex cases may require additional time or multiple visits. The length of the procedure depends on the location of the tooth and the extent of the infection or damage.

In many cases, a crown is recommended after a root canal to protect the tooth from fracture and restore its function. Teeth that have undergone root canals are more fragile, so a crown helps reinforce their structure.

With proper care, a tooth that has undergone a root canal can last a lifetime. Good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and protecting the tooth with a crown if necessary can ensure its long-term survival.

If left untreated, the infection in the tooth can spread to the surrounding bone and tissue, leading to an abscess, significant pain, and even tooth loss. In severe cases, it can cause systemic health problems.

You may experience some mild discomfort or sensitivity in the days following the procedure, but this typically subsides within a few days. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage any discomfort.

Root canals are highly successful, with a success rate of around 95%. However, in rare cases, a root canal may fail due to complications such as reinfection, a fracture, or incomplete removal of the infected tissue. In such cases, a retreatment may be necessary.

Yes, root canals are considered safe and are a common dental procedure. Dentists and endodontists are trained to perform this treatment effectively to save a tooth and eliminate infection.

After a root canal, your tooth may darken slightly, especially if it was discolored before the procedure due to infection. In many cases, a crown will be placed over the tooth, which can be made to match the color of your surrounding teeth.

Complications are rare but can include post-procedure infection, damage to the surrounding teeth, or failure to fully remove the infected tissue. Your dentist will explain the risks and how to manage them.

If your case is complex—such as curved or narrow roots, previous failed root canal, or difficult-to-access teeth—you may be referred to an endodontist. Endodontists are specialists with additional training in root canal treatments and are better equipped to handle more difficult cases.

Many dental insurance plans cover part or all of the cost of a root canal, especially if the procedure is medically necessary to save the tooth. It’s important to check with your insurance provider for coverage specifics.

It’s best to wait until the numbness wears off before eating to avoid biting your cheek or tongue. Stick to soft foods for the first day or two, and avoid chewing on the treated tooth until it has been fully restored with a filling or crown.

Continue with your regular oral hygiene routine—brushing twice a day, flossing, and using mouthwash. Be sure to attend follow-up appointments to ensure the tooth is healing properly, and consider a crown if recommended.

In most cases, you can drive yourself home after a root canal, as local anesthesia is used, and you remain fully awake during the procedure. However, if you are anxious and opt for oral sedation, you may need someone to drive you.